A brief history of transportation-funding tensions in Georgia

There’s an informative article this week titled Defunding Mass Transit is Not Good for the Tea Party, Whatever They May Think and I highly recommend it as a good post-TSPLOST read that compares current problems in transportation funding with ones from Georgia’ past.

Here’s a quote:

Since the introduction of the automobile created the demand for modern road construction a hundred years ago, political infighting has defined debates over transportation. What today is a conflict between city and suburban folks over roads versus rails was once a contentious battle between urban dwellers and rural farmers over highway construction, and one that exploded every bit as intensely as it has today.

The article’s author is currently writing a book about the history of the Dixie Highway. Some good parallels are drawn here between the rural/suburban/urban divides that existed during that century-old project and the ones that still run deep today — and quite probably affected the TSPLOST vote.

Photo of opening of Dixie Highway in Calhoun, GA (1928) from Georgia’s Virtual Vault

Creative Loafing votes Yes on T-SPLOST

traffic

I’ve been waiting for the Creative Loafing editorial board to take a Yes or No stance on the T-SPLOST vote for a transportation tax in the Atlanta region. Today they published their opinion: Yes. Read it here:

Atlanta transit: Envisioning our future CL’s stance on the T-SPLOST, or how to kill a beast that won’t die

I’ve mentioned briefly in comments here and elsewhere that I’ve reluctantly decided to vote Yes. I have a lot of misgivings about this tax and whether or not the road projects on it promote the sprawling, inefficient land use of the last few decades that has caused so much environmental damage.

In the end, I got tired of the stress that larger view was causing me and decided to take a more narrow view. I looked at what the tax does for me and my immediate neighborhood and I liked what I saw, particularly the pedestrian & cycling improvements on the list of projects from the tax’s allowance of 15% for local spending.

Still, I won’t be crying if the tax doesn’t pass, because I see a silver lining: a lack of a fix for the region’s traffic might make people think twice about living 20 miles from their job in a car-dependent area.

Atlanta traffic photo by Instagram user cj_mainor

Atlanta’s transit use lags even among Sprawlvilles (EDITED)
The Detroit Free Press has published an interesting comparison of the way some major US cities fund their transit systems. Atlanta’s MARTA is included.
One thing that popped out at me as I looked through the info: even compared to cities of relative size and relative car-dependency — such as Houston and Phoenix — Atlanta’s transit use is unimpressive.
PHOENIX Ridership: 250,000 weekday daily boardings
DENVER Ridership: 322,000 average boardings each weekday
HOUSTON Ridership: 280,000 weekday average
ATLANTA Ridership: 135,000 daily
(PLEASE SEE EDIT BELOW FOR CORRECT NUMBERS THAT REVEAL A STRANGE MISCALCULATION IN NUMBERS ON THIS LINKED ARTICLE)
I wonder what makes Atlanta ridership pale in comparison to that of these other fairly similar cities. Could it be perception of public transit ridership? Certainly, as we’ve learned recently, Atlanta has the most stark contrasts between the haves and have-nots when it comes to income. That contrast could produce a serious bias against public transportation that goes beyond what exists in the other cities.
Could it be the built environment? Is Atlanta even more sprawling and car-dependent in form than these other places? If so, that could account for such a sizable preference for personal-car transportation. According to a study by Smart Growth America, Atlanta is the 4th most sprawling metro in the US (to be fair — that ranks ATL’s sprawl significantly above the other cities in this transit comparison, giving it a bigger handicap).
I’m sure it’s a combination of these factors and others. And maybe the reason behind the lag is not important. Maybe the important thing is to accept the situation and focus on ways to improve the use and perception of public transportation in Atlanta in order to reduce our car-dependency and work toward a more walkable future for the metro.
Photo by Flickr user marta 190 south fulton
EDIT
Ack!! It looks like I’ve been duped. In a comment, Waronxmas has kindly directed me to some very impressive numbers on MARTA ridership that strongly conflict with those used in the linked article. The American Public Transportation Association provides these numbers:
Average Weekday MARTA RidershipAtlanta Metro Atlanta Rapid Tr Auth, HR: 246,500Atlanta Metro Atlanta Rapid Tr Auth, MB: 222,000Atlanta Metro Atlanta Rapid Tr Auth, DR:   2,000Atlanta Metro Atlanta Rapid Tr Auth. TOTAL: 470,400
Thanks, Waronxmas. I’m very happy to be wrong about this. I’ll leave the post above as is though, as evidence that research counts and you can’t base an opinion on a single article.

Atlanta’s transit use lags even among Sprawlvilles (EDITED)

The Detroit Free Press has published an interesting comparison of the way some major US cities fund their transit systems. Atlanta’s MARTA is included.

One thing that popped out at me as I looked through the info: even compared to cities of relative size and relative car-dependency — such as Houston and Phoenix — Atlanta’s transit use is unimpressive.

  • PHOENIX Ridership: 250,000 weekday daily boardings
  • DENVER Ridership: 322,000 average boardings each weekday
  • HOUSTON Ridership: 280,000 weekday average
  • ATLANTA Ridership: 135,000 daily

(PLEASE SEE EDIT BELOW FOR CORRECT NUMBERS THAT REVEAL A STRANGE MISCALCULATION IN NUMBERS ON THIS LINKED ARTICLE)

I wonder what makes Atlanta ridership pale in comparison to that of these other fairly similar cities. Could it be perception of public transit ridership? Certainly, as we’ve learned recently, Atlanta has the most stark contrasts between the haves and have-nots when it comes to income. That contrast could produce a serious bias against public transportation that goes beyond what exists in the other cities.

Could it be the built environment? Is Atlanta even more sprawling and car-dependent in form than these other places? If so, that could account for such a sizable preference for personal-car transportation. According to a study by Smart Growth America, Atlanta is the 4th most sprawling metro in the US (to be fair — that ranks ATL’s sprawl significantly above the other cities in this transit comparison, giving it a bigger handicap).

I’m sure it’s a combination of these factors and others. And maybe the reason behind the lag is not important. Maybe the important thing is to accept the situation and focus on ways to improve the use and perception of public transportation in Atlanta in order to reduce our car-dependency and work toward a more walkable future for the metro.

Photo by Flickr user marta 190 south fulton


EDIT

Ack!! It looks like I’ve been duped. In a comment, Waronxmas has kindly directed me to some very impressive numbers on MARTA ridership that strongly conflict with those used in the linked article. The American Public Transportation Association provides these numbers:

Average Weekday MARTA Ridership

Atlanta Metro Atlanta Rapid Tr Auth, HR: 246,500
Atlanta Metro Atlanta Rapid Tr Auth, MB: 222,000
Atlanta Metro Atlanta Rapid Tr Auth, DR:   2,000

Atlanta Metro Atlanta Rapid Tr Auth. TOTAL: 470,400

Thanks, Waronxmas. I’m very happy to be wrong about this. I’ll leave the post above as is though, as evidence that research counts and you can’t base an opinion on a single article.

Despite Tea-Party rants, Metro ATL embraces transit growth

atlanta traffic

I almost spewed my coffee when I read this morning’s AJC article on Metro Atlanta voter approval of mass transit.

You know those Tea Partiers’ rants at recent public forums on the upcoming transportation sales tax referendum? The ones where they oppose the funding of rail transit lines on the grounds that trains are somehow “archaic” or that terrorists might want to pull a Snidely Whiplash and sabotage our choo-choo lines?

It turns out those hysterical tirades don’t represent the way most people in the metro feel about transit. According to the article, a recent poll reveals that:

  • 51 percent of metro voters would vote for the referendum if it were held today
  • In Cobb and Gwinnett counties alone, at least 48 percent were in support, with an additional 10 percent undecided
  • 82 percent said it was important to do more to encourage everyone to commute to work by bus or train (coffee spew!)
  • 57 percent of voters said they don’t agree an increase in mass transit means more crime in new areas
  • 57 percent also said if the referendum passes, it is likely to reduce metro Atlanta’s traffic and congestion significantly

Bottom line: the public histrionics from fear-mongering Tea Partiers represent a minority opinion when it comes to transit. A fringe belief. My best guess to the reason why they had such a loud voice in forums is that these people are so rabid in their cause they gave up a work day (assuming they have jobs) to get to the microphone. Meanwhile, average metro Atlantans were busy being stuck in traffic.

Which begs the question: will the media (AJC included) now decide that they no longer need to give a platform to Tea Party anti-transit ramblings in every single news piece on this tax proposal? Time will tell.

Atlanta traffic photo from Flickr user wojciech.felendzer

Tea Party exposes some anti-MARTA tactics
In a dual editorial published this week, national Tea Party Patriots coordinator Debbie Dooley uses some thinly-veiled tactics to skew public opinion against MARTA and public transit funding . Her rebuttal opinion on the transportation sales tax issue contains these nuggets:
1.) Equate MARTA with the negative feelings readers associate with the Nixon administration and the Vietnam War:

Back when Richard Nixon was president and the Vietnam War captured  America’s attention, metro Atlanta voted to purchase a private bus  operator and establish the MARTA system.

2.) Paint MARTA funding as something largely unpopular by needlessly referencing the close vote, 40 years ago, that approved financing:

In November 1971, Fulton and DeKalb County voters barely adopted a permanent, 1 percent sales tax to finance MARTA

Just for perspective, here are some other things that happened in 1971 that captured US attention other than Nixon & Vietnam:
Twenty-sixth Amendment to US Constitution lowers voting age to 18.
Mariner IX, orbitting Mars, takes revealing pictures of the planet’s surface.
George Harrison’s Concert for Bangla Desh
For further perspective, that vote to finance MARTA succeeded finally after years of debate and negotiation that involved racial politics and a heated city/suburbs divide that threatened to scuttle Atlanta’s chances for successful transit of any kind. For an in-depth history of the struggle, read this. The success of the vote could easily be seen as a triumph in the face of considerable conflict.
Photo by Tarrence Brown

Tea Party exposes some anti-MARTA tactics

In a dual editorial published this week, national Tea Party Patriots coordinator Debbie Dooley uses some thinly-veiled tactics to skew public opinion against MARTA and public transit funding . Her rebuttal opinion on the transportation sales tax issue contains these nuggets:

1.) Equate MARTA with the negative feelings readers associate with the Nixon administration and the Vietnam War:

Back when Richard Nixon was president and the Vietnam War captured America’s attention, metro Atlanta voted to purchase a private bus operator and establish the MARTA system.

2.) Paint MARTA funding as something largely unpopular by needlessly referencing the close vote, 40 years ago, that approved financing:

In November 1971, Fulton and DeKalb County voters barely adopted a permanent, 1 percent sales tax to finance MARTA

Just for perspective, here are some other things that happened in 1971 that captured US attention other than Nixon & Vietnam:

  • Twenty-sixth Amendment to US Constitution lowers voting age to 18.
  • Mariner IX, orbitting Mars, takes revealing pictures of the planet’s surface.
  • George Harrison’s Concert for Bangla Desh

For further perspective, that vote to finance MARTA succeeded finally after years of debate and negotiation that involved racial politics and a heated city/suburbs divide that threatened to scuttle Atlanta’s chances for successful transit of any kind. For an in-depth history of the struggle, read this. The success of the vote could easily be seen as a triumph in the face of considerable conflict.

Photo by Tarrence Brown

Return of the Son of Atlanta Beltline Funding, Part V

Jason Eppink photo of Beltline

Thomas Wheatley reports in the Fresh Loaf blog that people of Gwinnett County are not keen on transportation tax if Beltline gets slice of funding.

The Beltline will do great things for the intown neighborhoods, but I kinda sympathize with anyone who doesn’t see the it as a project that would be appropriately funded with general transportation money for the metro.

My initial reaction to the Beltline as a transportation route was negative — the Beltline path neither passes through an established jobs center (like the downtown, midtown & buckhead office districts) nor connects well with MARTA as a way of feeding people to those jobs centers. Given this, it can logically be seen as  more of an amenity for intowners (yes, a really great one that provides needed park space, connectivity, and community projects to neighborhoods) rather than a transportation tool that benefits commuters. 

I do think that the Beltline is a route worth funding with tax money and I’ll personally be happy to have an extra tax added to do this. But to convince people across the metro of it’s transportation worth, I think we need to see a master plan for both the route and the new commercial/office/residential density it will serve.

It’s no longer good enough to plan transportation alone. We need to plan the areas the transportation will serve and move away from the lazy ‘let it sprawl’ attitude of the past — one where transportation routes are constantly trying to keep up with the moving targets of a sprawling metro. Sure, fund the Beltline, but please plan for added density to make that funding pay off in the long run.

Beltline photo from the Flickr stream of Jason Eppink

Atlanta

Thomas Wheatley provides some nice coverage of the current state of metro Atlanta’s effort to fund transportation improvements in a blog post on the Creative Loafing site.

I’ve got mixed feelings on this tax.

Transportation funding is an important goal, but I’m having trouble getting excited about the tax since, I assume, it only addresses how to fund transportation that serves an existing development pattern. This pattern is one that encourages sprawling land use and the building of little nodes of density (office parks and mixed-use projects) that are not well-connected to transit lines. In other words: the usual Atlanta car-dependency.

My big problem with this is that transportation funding in metro Atlanta shouldn’t exist on an island outside the concern of development patterns. A policy of smart-growth development, with more densely built residences and mixed-use zoning, should be tied to transportation funding. Otherwise, the area continues to sprawl and transportation proposals are continuing (and failing) to try to hit a target that moves in every direction.

From the seven-year study by SMARTRAQ (Strategies for Metropolitan Atlanta’s Regional Transportation and Air Quality):

Long-term solutions to the growth in traffic congestion will require the metro region to coordinate transportation investment and development.

The region’s activity centers and major corridors have far more jobs than housing or services. These areas provide great opportunities for increasing the mix of uses (and thus walkability) within the region, as they have existing transportation access, water/sewer infrastructure and underused parcels, such as failing strip retail centers that are ripe for redevelopment. SMARTRAQ’s results show that more housing opportunities closer to jobs will reduce the distances workers must travel. Clustered, higher density, walkable development that combines jobs, housing and services in appropriate places can also support better transit service.

Photo from the Flickr collection of tableatny